npm install ws

For bundlers (Vite, Webpack, esbuild), no special configuration is needed beyond standard ESM support.

Project setup

1. Copy source: Place the contents of source/ into src/surrealdb/ in your project, or import directly from the published surrealdb package. If vendoring, ensure your build tool resolves .ts files.

2. TypeScript config: Ensure moduleResolution is set to bundler, node16, or nodenext in tsconfig.json:

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "moduleResolution": "bundler",
    "target": "ES2020",
    "module": "ESNext",
    "strict": true
  }
}

3. Path alias (optional): If vendoring, add a path alias:

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "paths": {
      "surrealdb": ["./src/surrealdb/index.ts"]
    }
  }
}

4. Environment variables: Store your connection URL and credentials in .env:

SURREALDB_URL=ws://localhost:8000
SURREALDB_USER=root
SURREALDB_PASS=root
SURREALDB_NS=myapp
SURREALDB_DB=production

5. Node.js WebSocket: If WebSocket is not globally available (Node.js < 22), patch it before connecting:

import { WebSocket } from "ws";
(globalThis as any).WebSocket = WebSocket;

Public API

Surreal

import { Surreal } from "surrealdb";

const db = new Surreal();
await db.connect(url: string, opts?: ConnectOptions): Promise<void>;
await db.signin({ username, password }: AnyAuth): Promise<Token>;
await db.use({ namespace, database }: NamespaceDatabase): Promise<void>;
await db.query<T>(sql: string, vars?: Record<string, unknown>): Promise<T>;
await db.close(): Promise<void>;

The primary class for all database interactions. Instantiate once per connection context, call connect, authenticate, select a namespace/database, then issue queries. Safe to reuse across the lifetime of your application.

createRemoteEngines

import { createRemoteEngines } from "surrealdb";

const engines = createRemoteEngines(): Engines;
// Returns { ws, wss, http, https } engine factories

Returns the default engine map supporting ws://, wss://, http://, and https:// protocols. Pass to the Surreal constructor's engines option to explicitly configure transports, or use applyDiagnostics to wrap them.

applyDiagnostics

import { applyDiagnostics, createRemoteEngines } from "surrealdb";
import type { DiagnosticsCallback } from "surrealdb";

const engines = applyDiagnostics(
  createRemoteEngines(),
  callback: DiagnosticsCallback
): Engines;

Wraps engine implementations to emit internal RPC/transport events to a callback. Use during development and debugging. Not recommended for production due to performance overhead and API instability across versions.

CborCodec

import { CborCodec } from "surrealdb";

const codec = new CborCodec();

Handles CBOR binary encoding/decoding for the SurrealDB wire protocol. Used automatically by the engine layer; exposed if you need to implement a custom engine or serialize SurrealDB values outside a live connection.

Working examples

Scenario - Basic connect, authenticate, and query

Connect to a local SurrealDB instance using root credentials, select a namespace and database, and run a raw SurrealQL query.

import { Surreal } from "surrealdb";

const db = new Surreal();

async function main() {
  await db.connect("ws://localhost:8000");
  await db.signin({ username: "root", password: "root" });
  await db.use({ namespace: "myapp", database: "production" });

  const result = await db.query<[{ id: string; name: string }[]]>(
    "SELECT * FROM user WHERE active = true LIMIT 10"
  );
  console.log(result[0]);

  await db.close();
}

main().catch(console.error);

Scenario - Custom engines with diagnostics

Wire up remote engines manually and attach a diagnostics callback to log all internal RPC operations for debugging.

import { Surreal, createRemoteEngines, applyDiagnostics } from "surrealdb";
import type { DiagnosticsCallback } from "surrealdb";

const onDiagnostic: DiagnosticsCallback = (event) => {
  console.debug("[surreal:diag]", JSON.stringify(event));
};

const db = new Surreal({
  engines: applyDiagnostics(createRemoteEngines(), onDiagnostic),
});

async function main() {
  await db.connect("ws://localhost:8000");
  await db.signin({ username: "root", password: "root" });
  await db.use({ namespace: "test", database: "test" });
  const rows = await db.query("SELECT * FROM product LIMIT 5");
  console.log(rows);
  await db.close();
}

main().catch(console.error);

Scenario - Error handling with typed errors

Catch specific SDK error types to handle authentication failures and missing namespace/database configuration separately from generic server errors.

import {
  Surreal,
  AuthenticationError,
  ConnectionUnavailableError,
  MissingNamespaceDatabaseError,
  ServerError,
} from "surrealdb";

const db = new Surreal();

async function runQuery() {
  try {
    await db.connect("ws://localhost:8000");
    await db.signin({ username: "admin", password: "wrong_password" });
    await db.use({ namespace: "myapp", database: "production" });
    return await db.query("SELECT * FROM order");
  } catch (err) {
    if (err instanceof AuthenticationError) {
      console.error("Bad credentials:", err.message);
    } else if (err instanceof ConnectionUnavailableError) {
      console.error("Cannot reach SurrealDB:", err.message);
    } else if (err instanceof MissingNamespaceDatabaseError) {
      console.error("Must call db.use() first:", err.message);
    } else if (err instanceof ServerError) {
      console.error("SurrealDB server error:", err.message);
    } else {
      throw err;
    }
  } finally {
    await db.close();
  }
}

runQuery();

File walkthrough

• api/ - Houses Surreal class, session types, transaction support, queryable interface, and export helpers. Start here for all user-facing database operations.
• cbor/ - CborCodec class that encodes/decodes SurrealDB's binary CBOR wire format. Used internally by engines.
• controller/ - Connection state machine; manages connect/disconnect lifecycle, reconnect logic, JWT parsing, and feature negotiation with the server.
• engine/ - Concrete transport implementations (WebSocketEngine, HttpEngine), the abstract RpcEngine base, and DiagnosticsEngine wrapper. Exposes createRemoteEngines and applyDiagnostics.
• flatbuffer/ - Alternative binary codec using FlatBuffers; used for specific server communication paths.
• inspect/ - Server-side inspection helpers, primarily for internal SDK tooling.
• internal/ - Private utilities not part of the public API: JWT fast-parse, incremental IDs, RPC auth construction, HTTP helpers, error parsing, reconnect logic, input validation.
• query/ - Typed query builder modules for each DML operation (select, create, update, upsert, delete, insert, relate, live, raw query, run).
• types/ - All TypeScript interfaces and type aliases used throughout the SDK: AnyAuth, ConnectOptions, Session, LiveMessage, Patch, RpcRequest, etc.
• utils/ - Standalone helpers: Publisher (event emitter), Features, isVersionSupported, BoundQuery, channel-based async iterators, escape functions.
• value/ - SurrealDB scalar value representations such as Uuid and record ID types.
• errors.ts - All exported error classes with typed constructors for precise catch blocks.
• index.ts - Barrel export; re-exports every public symbol from all subdirectories.
• index.server.ts - Server-only entry point for environments where browser-specific code must be excluded.

Common pitfalls and fixes

• No global WebSocket in Node.js < 22: The SDK requires a global WebSocket; fix by adding (globalThis as any).WebSocket = require("ws") before any SDK import.
• ESM/CJS interop: The package is ESM-first; if using CommonJS, set "moduleResolution": "node16" in tsconfig and use dynamic import() or a bundler that handles ESM.
• Calling query before use(): Queries against tables that require a namespace/database will throw MissingNamespaceDatabaseError; always call db.use() after db.signin().
• Connection not closed on process exit: Always call await db.close() in shutdown handlers; unclosed WebSocket connections can prevent Node.js from exiting cleanly.
• Diagnostics in production: applyDiagnostics wraps every engine call and emits verbose events; remove it before deploying to production to avoid memory and CPU overhead.
• Version mismatch: The SDK enforces a supported SurrealDB server version range (MINIMUM_VERSION / MAXIMUM_VERSION); connecting to an incompatible server throws UnsupportedVersionError. Match your server version to the SDK release.

Vibe-coding prompt template

I have the SurrealDB JavaScript SDK source in `src/surrealdb/` (from the `surrealdb` npm package).
I also have a USAGE.md guide at `USAGE.md` that documents all real exports and working code patterns.

Please integrate SurrealDB into my existing TypeScript/Node.js project step by step:

1. Read USAGE.md and the source files in `src/surrealdb/` to understand the real API.
2. Create a singleton connection module that connects using environment variables
   (SURREALDB_URL, SURREALDB_USER, SURREALDB_PASS, SURREALDB_NS, SURREALDB_DB).
3. Use the `Surreal` class from `src/surrealdb/index.ts` (or `surrealdb` if installed as a package).
4. Add typed error handling using `AuthenticationError`, `ConnectionUnavailableError`,
   `MissingNamespaceDatabaseError`, and `ServerError` from `src/surrealdb/errors.ts`.
5. Wire `createRemoteEngines` explicitly in the `Surreal` constructor.
6. Expose helper functions for the CRUD operations my application needs.
7. Add graceful shutdown that calls `db.close()`.
8. Do not invent any API methods; only use exports visible in USAGE.md and the source files.

License and credit

The SurrealDB JavaScript SDK is released under the Apache 2.0 license. See source/LICENSE if present, or refer to the upstream repository for the full license text. Upstream package: surrealdb on npm.

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